The Resurgence Of Antibody-Drug Conjugates

By Andrew Zupnick, PhD

Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) are transforming cancer treatment by synergizing the targeting ability of monoclonal antibodies with the potency of cytotoxic agents, enabling precise tumor targeting while sparing healthy tissues. Currently, over 1,100 ADCs are in development, with nearly 3,000 clinical trials actively exploring their potential. Since their inception in the 1980s and the first FDA approval in 2000, ADCs have gained traction, particularly in the 2010s, with multiple approvals for various malignancies. However, significant challenges persist, including the need for reliable antigen expression on tumors, the emergence of resistance mechanisms, and the complexities of clinical trial logistics. These complexities include stringent patient selection based on biomarker profiles and comprehensive safety monitoring due to unique toxicity profiles.

Current trends in ADC research aim to enhance therapeutic efficacy, minimize adverse effects, and expand their applications through innovative payloads and bispecific designs. As advancements in ADC technology and clinical trial methodologies progress, these conjugates are poised to become pivotal in precision oncology, with the potential to extend their therapeutic reach beyond traditional cancer treatment paradigms.